Category: Tech

How to fix Mono crashing on Odroid XU4

Ryancrash, mono, odroid, radarr, sonarr

Recently I’ve been noticing my Sonarr and Radarr applications behaving erratic (sometimes not responsive, sometimes not performing tasks, not searching or adding content, but at other times behaving totally fine). A quick look at the logs told me the applications were crashing and being restarted by systemctl, after a few crashes they seemed to stabilize.
Today I had some time to dig deeper into the issue. I had already searched the Internet for general issues, but it didn’t seem to be a widespread problem. I assumed it might have to do with the ARM architecture, but Raspberry Pi users didn’t seem to be having these issues.

In the past I had difficulty reproducing the issue, but today I was in luck, every time I tried to kick off the “Process Monitored Downloads” task in Radarr, it would start working on the task and then crash and restart. The core issue turned out to be oddly specific to the Odroid XU4 hardware.

The XU4 has eight CPU cores, four A7 cores running at 1.4GHz, and four A15 cores running at 2GHz.

 

Whenever the mono process moved from an A7 to an A15 core (or vice versa) the process crashed.
Since both Sonarr and Radarr are Mono applications, they were both affected. Pinning the applications to either the A15 or the A7 CPUs resolved the problem.
taskset --cpu-list  can be used to change the CPU affinity of a process.

First look up the systemctl  service files for Radarr and Sonarr (e.g. via systemctl status radarr ). Edit the service files by prefixing the ExecStart  command with /usr/bin/taskset -c 0-3  (for the A7 cores) or /usr/bin/taskset -c 4-7  (for the A15 cores).
Then reload the systemctl files ( systemctl daemon-reload ) and restart the service.

Example:

If the service files are managed via the package manager, you may want to create an systemctl override instead of editing the service file, so that the package manager doesn’t overwrite your changes:

 

Now you probably want to see if it worked and want to know how to check which core a process is running on? There a re a few options:

htop: launch htop . Press <F2> , go to Columns , and add PROCESSOR  from Available Columns. The CPUs are numbered 1-8 in htop (as opposed to 0-7 by the system).

ps: the PSR column can display the core a process is on. The CPUs are numbered 0-7 in ps.

taskset: can display the current affinity of a process.

 

Statically served wordpress content

Ryanstatic content, wordpress

I’m currently still evaluating hugo and jekyll, themes and plugins, as an alternative to the current WordPress site. Until I decide what route to eventually go with, I had a look at WordPress plugins to generate static versions of a site.

Simply Static looked fine and I gave it a spin, it can easily crawl through the site and you can provide additional file/urls/directories to add to the static version (as well as exemptions).

The static version of the website is created regularly and stored locally, so I added a few ansible tasks to set up a periodic rsync of the files to my webserver that serves static content.

I have a HAProxy load balancer in front of my webservers that I have configured to serve the static version of the website first, and fall back to the wordpress server as a backup (that also gives me a nice redundancy, so I can update and reboot servers without causing a downtime).
HAProxy is also configured to always send certain requests (admin interface, search) to the WordPress server since they require PHP. This all happens transparently for the user.

I’m not going to bore with the details since it was all pretty standard stuff. It’s nothing fancy, but it looks reliable and does what it should.

I have this blog entry scheduled to go live in a few days, so we’ll see if all the automatisms work and the static version of the page generated and synced to the webserver.

WiFi SSIDs on different VLANs

Ryannetwork, security, vlan, wifi

Taking a different direction here and trying out a more HowTo style post. I thought I’d do a quick write-up covering WiFi SSIDs on multiple VLANs, something that might be useful in a home setup, separating SSIDs better from one another. While I usually prefer the CLI, a lot of the devices mentioned here only (or mainly) use a web GUI for configuration management, so this posting will include a lot more screenshots than my usual postings. This posting won’t contain anything exciting for people who run and support networks professionally (mostly just a “so what options are available on SOHO hardware?”), and may even be overly simple and assume settings you wouldn’t do in a professional setup. But it is useful for homelab enthusiasts looking to build a more complex setup than “everything on the same VLAN/network” or trying to figure out “how do I use VLANs, give me an example”.

Ubiquiti and Netgear have some reasonable priced network gear that I’ve written about in the past that behave decent in home networks. For out little setup today we will have a WiFi access point with multiple SSIDs, two switches, and a firewall/router. We will be focusing on the configuration of the WiFi Access Point (UniFi AP) , the two Netgear switches (GS105Ev2 / GS108Ev3) and the Ubiquiti Router (Edgerouter X).

Our goal is to have two SSIDs on the access point, one for the “normal” devices (VLAN 1), and one for separate devices (VLAN 178). Since the router to VLAN 178 is on a different switch than the access point we also need to trunk both VLANs across the network. Another way of looking at it, is that we are expanding Subnet/VLAN 178 into our network (but limiting it to the WiFi Access points). 178 doesn’t hold any special meaning, you can use any VLAN number you want, just chose 178 because the subnet in this test setup was 10.0.178.0/24.

Here is a diagram of our test setup:

VLAN 1: The management and main client VLAN
VLAN 178: Subnet 178, 2nd WiFi network

Netgear 1

Port 1: Connection to Netgear 2
Port 5: Access Point

Netgear 2

Port 1: Connection to Netgear 1
Port 8: Edgerouter

Edgerouter

eth0: Connection to Subnet 178
eth1: Connection to Netgear 2

 

Wireless Configuration

In the UniFi controller go to Settings->Wireless Networks either create a new network or edit an existing one. If you go into the advanced options area, you will find the VLAN setting for that SSID. Activating the option and setting a value means the access point will tag all packets from that SSID to the specified VLAN number.

In the network overview below we see that packets from one network are tagged with VLAN 178, and packets from the other network are untagged (the switch configuration will take care of deciding which VLAN untagged packets are part of).

Netgear Configuration

The Netgear devices only have a VLAN 1 defined by default, so the first step will be to add VLAN 178 to both of them. Enable Advanced 802.1q (VLAN->802.1Q->Advanced->VLAN Configuration), enter the VLAN ID 178 in the box and click on “Add” at the top.

Now let’s move on to the VLAN Membership configuration. To switch settings, just click on the port and it will switch from tagged->untagged->none.

Netgear 1 device

For VLAN 1 we want port 1 to be (T)agged since it is the trunk to the next switch, and all other ports (U)ntagged since they will be dealing with untagged VLAN 1 traffic. The PVID will also be set to 1 for all ports.

For VLAN 178 we want port 1 to be (T)agged since it is the trunk to the next switch, port 5 (T)agged since it is the connection to the access point, and all other ports “none” since none of those ports are part of VLAN 178.

 

 

VLAN overview after changing all the settings:

 

For this scenario it is sane to leave the Port PVID configuration to PVID 1 on all ports. You could change a port to 178 if you are expecting untagged traffic on that port that needs to be in VLAN 178.

Netgear 2 device

Similar configuration as the first switch so I’ll skip the screenshots. Port 1 is the connection to the Netgear 1 device, port 8 is connected to the Edgerouter.

    • all ports PVID 1
    • VLAN 1 Tagged port 1 and 8, all other ports untagged
    • VLAN 178 Tagged port 1 and 8, all other ports none

Edgerouter Configuration:

Make sure the interface switch0 spans all ports you want to use VLANs on. Add the two VLANs 1 and 178. They should show up in the list as switch0.1 and switch0.178, and you can apply firewall rules to these interfaces to restrict traffic if you are doing any routing between the two networks.
We will want to tag everything from Subnet 178 as VLAN 178 on the interface connected to that network (eth0 in our setup), and allow VLAN 178 on the outgoing interface (eth1 in our setup). The Edgerouter doesn’t need us to specifically allow VLANs already set by the PVID, only additional VLANs need to be specified in the vid field.

Where to go from here?

You could put servers or virtual machines in their own subnet/VLAN and then use a firewall to restrict access between the different networks.

Adding more Access Points is straightforward, UniFi automatically applies the wireless configuration to all Access Points it manages, so all you need to do is take care of the switch port configuration.

Odroid HC1

Ryan

I finally got my new Odroid SBC and have migrated all the services from my Odriud XU4 over to the new HC1. The HC1 is based on the XU4 but drops multimedia interfaces like the HDMI port and instead adds a SATA connector and the black aluminium case fits a 2.5″ hard drive. The case is stackable and acts as a passive cooling heat sink. Since the HC1 is based on the XU4, software that runs on a XU4 will run on a HC1 without any fiddling.

It doesn’t have an eMMC connector, but you can assign the /  partition to the hard drive/SSD, only the /boot  partition needs to be on the SD Card.

Selfhosting email, and sending email to Microsoft.

Ryanemail, microsoft, MTA, SMTP

About once a year one of my outgoing email servers will magically pop up on Microsofts blacklist of email servers. The exact status in SNDS is “Blocked due to user complaints or other evidence of spamming“, which is a bit ironic since the weekly volume of emails that go to Microsoft controlled domains seldom is higher than 5 and they are all personal emails.
The error message the MTA recieves is “550 5.7.1 Unfortunately, messages from [xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx] weren’t sent. Please contact your Internet service provider since part of their network is on our block list (S3140). You can also refer your provider to http://mail.live.com/mail/troubleshooting.aspx#errors.” in case anyone ends up here via google.

I’m not going to bitch and moan or attempt to guess why the server ends up on the list since it isn’t something I can influence
 (just submit a support request and wait), instead I’ll post some tips and pointers to useful tools you should be using:

SPF – Sender Policy Framework
Specify which IPs are allowed too send mail for your domains, also determine what should happen with mail that is recieved from unauthorized IPs.

DKIM – DomainKeys Identified Mail
Outgoing mail servers for a domain can sign the emails and thereby allow recipients to verify that the email really came from a valid mail server and is not from a spoofed sender.

DMARC – Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting & Conformance
DMARC allows you to specify policies for domains or subdomains in regards to “what should happen if an email fails DKIM or SPF” and where/if to send reports for Emails recieved by other mail servers.

SNDS – Smart Network Data Service
Allows you to monitor the IPs of your mailservers as viewed by the Outlook.com system.

JMRP – Junk Email Reporting Program
Forwards the full message with headers of any email marked as “junk” or “phishing”  by Outlook.com users

MX Toolbox
MXtoolbox is a great website for testing your mail server settings, they also have a free_monitoring service for one IP,  so you can get alerted if your IP shows up on a Blacklist.

Last but not least I use the following small script to monitor the status of my servers according to Microsoft. I call the script via a daily cronjob, and if a server is blacklisted, it sends an alert. Go to Automated Data Access first to generate an API key.

And if all else fails and your IP does end up blacklisted in SNDS, you can go here to submit a ticket to get back off (although I’d suggest checking your mail server logs and the status of the IP on other RBLs first, just to make sure).

http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=614866